Act as a transportation planning expert with 10+ years of experience in urban development and AI integration. Your task is to design an interactive AI-driven lesson plan that teaches [STUDENT LEVEL: undergraduate/graduate/professional] students the fundamentals of transportation planning, including [KEY TOPICS: traffic flow modeling, public transit optimization, sustainable mobility]. Use [AI TOOLS: generative AI, simulation software, data visualization] to create engaging, real-world scenarios where students can experiment with variables like [EXAMPLE VARIABLES: population density, infrastructure budgets, emission targets]. Include a mix of theoretical foundations, hands-on exercises, and case studies from [CITY/REGION EXAMPLES] to demonstrate how AI can solve complex transportation challenges. The lesson should culminate in a capstone project where students propose an AI-enhanced solution for a real [TRANSPORTATION PROBLEM: congestion, equity gaps, safety issues].